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脂鲤科

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脂鲤科
化石时期:中新世晚期 – 现代[1]
一条巴氏丝尾脂鲤Nematobrycon palmeri)和三条霓虹脂鲤Paracheirodon innesi
布氏半线脂鲤Hemigrammus bleheri)
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 辐鳍鱼綱 Actinopteri
目: 脂鯉目 Characiformes
科: 脂鲤科 Characidae
Latreille, 1825

見內文

脂鯉科(学名:Characidae,又译作擬鲤科鮭鯉科加拉辛科加辛拉科),為輻鰭魚綱脂鯉目中最大的一。是主要为原产于美洲及非洲热带亚热带淡水鱼[2]

分類

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脂鯉科下分156個屬,如下:[3]

盜鮭鯉亞科(Agoniatinae)

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盜鮭鯉屬Agoniates

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細脂鯉亞科 Aphyocharacinae

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細脂鯉屬Aphyocharax

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青脂鯉屬Inpaichthys

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細腺脂鯉屬Leptagoniates

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副角脂鯉屬Paragoniates

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短腺脂鯉屬Phenagoniates

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鋸脂鯿屬Prionobrama

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厚頭脂鯉屬Rachoviscus

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奇石脂鯉屬Xenagoniates

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紋吸魚亞科 Aphyoditeinae

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吸溪脂鯉屬Aphyocharacidium

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紋吸魚屬Aphyodite

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阿克塞脂鯉屬Axelrodia

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細石脂鯉屬Leptobrycon

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小體石脂鯉屬Microschemobrycon

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銳齧脂鯉屬Oxybrycon

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佩力克脂鯉屬Parecbasis

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泰托齧脂鯉屬Tyttobrycon

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石脂鯉屬Brycon

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唇齧脂鯉屬Chilobrycon

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唇脂鯉屬Henochilus

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刺脂鯉屬Acanthocharax

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粘鱸屬Acestrocephalus

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側牙齧魚屬Bryconexodon

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桂脂鯉屬Charax

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犬齒河脂鯉屬Cynopotamus

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鹿齒魚屬Exodon

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盔脂鯉屬Galeocharax

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平腹脂鯉屬Phenacogaster

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鋸齒脂鯉屬Priocharax

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銹牙脂鯉屬Roeboexodon

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突頜脂鯉屬Roeboides

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寶蓮燈魚亞科 Cheirodontinae

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葡齒魚屬Acinocheirodon

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亞馬遜棘脂鯉屬Amazonspinther

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吸寶蓮魚屬Aphyocheirodon

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寶蓮燈魚屬Cheirodon

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寶蓮魚屬Cheirodontops

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金齧脂鯉屬Chrysobrycon

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吹砂脂鯉屬Compsura

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Ctenocheirodon

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異唇齒魚屬Heterocheirodon

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似寶蓮魚屬Kolpotocheirodon

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傲脂鯉屬Macropsobrycon

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矮寶蓮魚屬Nanocheirodon

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光牙寶蓮魚屬Odontostilbe

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前齒脂鯉屬Prodontocharax

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擬翼脂鯉屬Pseudocheirodon

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盾皮脂鯉屬Saccoderma

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鋸翼脂鯉屬Serrapinnus

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焰脂鯉屬Spintherobolus

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擬鯷脂鯉亞科 Clupeacharacinae

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擬鯷脂鯉屬Clupeacharax

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裸脂鯉亞科 Gymnocharacinae

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匕齧魚屬Coptobrycon

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  • 雙線匕齧魚 Coptobrycon bilineatus (Ellis, 1911),基异名:Hasemania bilineata Ellis, 1911

胖脂鯉屬Grundulus

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裸脂鯉屬Gymnocharacinus

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絲尾脂鯉屬Nematobrycon

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蜥形脂鯉亞科 Iguanodectinae

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蜥形脂鯉屬Iguanodectes

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慈脂鯉屬Piabucus

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頭脂鯉屬Carlana

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  • 艾氏頭脂鯉 Carlana eigenmanni (Meek, 1912),基异名:Cheirodon eigenmanni Meek, 1912

線紋脂鯉屬Nematocharax

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副線脂鯉屬Parastremma

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玫瑰脂鯉屬Rhoadsia

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小脂鯉亞科(Salmininae)

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小脂鯉屬Salminus

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鋸胸脂鯉亞科(Stethaprioninae)

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短蜴脂鯉屬Brachychalcinus

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裸頂脂鯉屬Gymnocorymbus

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直棘脂鯉屬Orthospinus

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銀鞍脂鯉屬Poptella

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鋸胸脂鯉屬Stethaprion

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列牙脂鯉屬Stichonodon

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Stevardiinae亚科

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磨牙脂鯉屬Acrobrycon

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白肋脂鯉屬Argopleura

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奇脂鯉屬Attonitus

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奧利脂鯉屬Aulixidens

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貝基脂鯉屬Boehlkea

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齧齒脂鯉屬Bryconacidnus

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齧牙脂鯉屬Bryconadenos

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齧脂鯉屬Bryconamericus

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齧魚屬Caiapobrycon

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角鰓脂鯉屬Ceratobranchia

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劍尾脂鯉屬Corynopoma

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鈎齒脂鯉屬Creagrutus

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藍脂鯉屬Cyanocharax

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全脂鯉屬Diapoma

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裙魚屬Gephyrocharax

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腺尾脂鯉屬Glandulocauda

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半齧脂鯉屬Hemibrycon

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下齧脂鯉屬Hypobrycon

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宮脂鯉屬Hysteronotus

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早熟齧脂鯉屬Iotabrycon

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諾德脂鯉屬Knodus

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蘭脂鯉屬Landonia

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Lepidocharax

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冠石脂鯉屬Lophiobrycon

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小頦脂鯉屬Microgenys

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長臀脂鯉屬Mimagoniates

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單寶蓮魚屬Monotocheirodon

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侏脂鯉屬Nantis

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單牙脂鯉屬Odontostoechus

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帆鰭脂鯉屬Othonocheirodus

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盜脂鯉屬Phenacobrycon

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慈鬚魚屬Piabarchus

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雙慈魚屬Piabina

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遊脂鯉屬Planaltina

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嵴腹脂鯉屬Pseudocorynopoma

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齧翅脂鯉屬Pterobrycon

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褶脂鯉屬Ptychocharax

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大吻石脂鯉屬Rhinobrycon

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瘦吻脂鯉屬Rhinopetitia

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短矮脂鯉屬Scopaeocharax

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輪唇脂鯉屬Trochilocharax

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泰托脂鯉屬Tyttocharax

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奇腺尾脂鯉屬Xenurobrycon

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大眼脂鯉亞科(Tetragonopterinae)

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大眼脂鯉屬Tetragonopterus

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異脂鯉亞科(Heterocharacinae)

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頜脂鯉屬Gnathocharax

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異脂鯉屬Heterocharax

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武脂鯉屬Hoplocharax

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矛脂鯉屬Lonchogenys

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地位未定(incertae sedis)

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擬麗脂鯉屬Astyanacinus

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麗脂鯉屬Astyanax

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怪脂鯉屬Atopomesus

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布拉姆脂鯉屬Bramocharax

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布列塔尼魚屬Brittanichthys

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小齧脂鯉屬Bryconella

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瑙脂鯉屬Bryconops

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大鱗脂鯉屬Chalceus

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櫛嚙魚屬Ctenobrycon

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咬齧魚屬Dectobrycon

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副齒脂鯉屬Deuterodon

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似鯷鯡脂鯉屬Engraulisoma

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麗頰脂鯉屬Genycharax

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Erythrocharax

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裸身脂鯉屬Gymnotichthys

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光尾裙魚屬Hasemania

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半線脂鯉屬Hemigrammus

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南美荷蘭魚屬Hollandichthys

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魮脂鯉屬Hyphessobrycon

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瓊脂鯉屬Jupiaba

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食蚊脂鯉屬Lignobrycon

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馬基脂鯉屬Markiana

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墨西石脂鯉屬Mixobrycon

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直線脂鯉屬Moenkhausia

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黏眼魚屬Myxiops

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寡石脂鯉屬Oligobrycon

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寡脂鯉屬Oligosarcus

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霓虹脂鯉屬Paracheirodon

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副細鋸脂鯉屬Parapristella

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珀蒂魚屬Petitella

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莖齧脂鯉屬Phallobrycon

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細鋸脂鯉屬Pristella

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奇口脂鯉屬Probolodus

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飾紋脂鯉屬Psellogrammus

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擬蜥脂鯉屬Pseudochalceus

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舒爾茨脂鯉屬Schultzites

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裂脂鯉屬Scissor

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鋸石脂鯉屬Serrabrycon

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冥脂鯉屬Stygichthys

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企鵝魚屬Thayeria

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鰶脂鯉屬Thrissobrycon

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石斧脂鯉屬Triportheus

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齧齒魚屬Tucanoichthys

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亞科未定

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Cyanogaster

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原宝莲灯鱼属Protocheirodon

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Phycocharax

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参考资料

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  1. ^ FishBase (2011)
  2. ^ Berra, Tim M英语Tim Berra (biologist). Freshwater Fish Distribution. University of Chicago Press. 2008. ISBN 978-0-226-04443-9. 
  3. ^ Characidae. GBIF. [2023-05-30]. (原始内容存档于2022-10-27). 
  4. ^ Vitor Pimenta Abrahão, Murilo Pastana and Manoela Marinho. 2019. On A Remarkable Sexual Dimorphic Trait in the Characiformes related to the Olfactory Organ and Description of A New Miniature Species of Tyttobrycon Géry (Characiformes: Characidae). PLoS ONE. 14(12): e0226130. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226130
  5. ^ Erick Cristofore Guimarães, Pâmella Silva De Brito, Beldo Rywllon Abreu Ferreira and Felipe Polivanov Ottoni. 2018. A New Species of Charax (Ostariophysi, Characiformes, Characidae) from northeastern Brazil. Zoosystematics and Evolution. 94(1): 83-93. DOI: 10.3897/zse.94.22106
  6. ^ Malabarba, L.R.; Weitzman, S.H. (1999). A new genus and species of South American fishes (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae) with a derived caudal fin, including comments about inseminating cheirodontines. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 112: 410-431.
  7. ^ Cristina M. Bührnheim, Tiago P. Carvalho, Luiz R. Malabarba and Stanley H. Weitzman. 2008. A New Genus and Species of Characid Fish from the Amazon Basin - the Recognition of A Relictual Lineage of Characid Fishes (Ostariophysi: Cheirodontinae: Cheirodontini). Neotrop. ichthyol. 6(4); DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252008000400016
  8. ^ Pearson, N. E. (1924). The fishes of the eastern slope of the Andes. I. The fishes of the Rio Beni basin, Bolivia, collected by the Mulford expedition. Indiana University Studies. v. 11 (no. 64): 1-83, Pls. 1-12.
  9. ^ Bragança, P.H.N.d., Barbosa, M.A. & Mattos, J.L. 2013. A New Nematocharax Species from the middle Contas River basin, Northeastern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). Vertebrate Zoology. 63 (1): 3-8.
  10. ^ Weitzman, S. H.; Menezes, N. A.; Britski, H. A. (1986). Nematocharax venustus, a new genus and species of fish from the Rio Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 99 (2): 335-346.
  11. ^ James R. Garcia-Ayala, Willian M. Ohara, Murilo N. L. Pastana and Ricardo C. Benine. 2017. A New Species of Brachychalcinus (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio Xingu basin, Serra do Cachimbo, Brazil. Zootaxa. 4362(4); 564–574. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4362.4.5
  12. ^ Tiago P. Carvalho, Andréa Tonolli Thomaz, Alexander Urbano-Bonilla and Saúl Prada-Pedreros. 2024. A New characid Species with remarkable sexual dimorphism (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the upper Guayabero River, Orinoco basin, Colombia. Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15738
  13. ^ Luiz R. Malabarba, Junior Chuctaya, Alice Hirschmann, Eduardo Bitencourt de Oliveira and Andréa T. Thomaz. 2020. Hidden or unnoticed? Multiple Lines of Evidence Support the Recognition of A New Species of Pseudocorynopoma (Characidae: Corynopomini). Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14572
  14. ^ Silva, Gabriel S. C., Bruno F. Melo, Claudio Oliveira and Ricardo C. Benine. 2016. Revision of the South American Genus Tetragonopterus Cuvier, 1816 (Teleostei: Characidae) with Description of Four New Species. Zootaxa. 4200(1); 1–46. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.1.1
  15. ^ Eigenmann, C. H. (1912). Some results from an ichthyological reconnaissance of Colombia, South America. Part I. (Contrib. Zool. Lab. Ind. Univ. No. 127.). Indiana University Studies. No. 16 [sic No. 8]: 1-27.
  16. ^ Netto-Ferreira, A.L., Birindelli, J.L.O., de Sousa, L.M., Mariguela, T.C. & Oliveira, C. 2013. A New Miniature Characid (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae), with Phylogenetic Position Inferred from Morphological and Molecular Data. PLoS ONE
  17. ^ Cristhian C. Conde-Saldaña, Juan G. Albornoz-Garzón, Jorge E. García-Melo, Francisco A. Villa-Navarro, J. Marcos Mirande and Flávio C. T. Lima. 2019. A New Pristella (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Río Orinoco Basin, Colombia, with A Redefinition of the Genus. Copeia. 107(3); 439-446. DOI: 10.1643/CI-18-147
  18. ^ George M. T. Mattox and Kevin W. Conway. 2021. Osteology of Tucanoichthys tucano Géry and Römer, An Enigmatic Miniature Fish from the Amazon Basin, Brazil (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae). Vertebrate Zoology. 71: 645-667. DOI: 10.3897/vz.71.e71886
  19. ^ Mattox, G.M.T., Britz, R., Toledo-Piza, M. & Marinho, M.M.F. 2013. Cyanogaster noctivaga, a remarkable new genus and species of miniature fish from the Rio Negro, Amazon basin (Ostariophysi: Characidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters. 23(4), 297-318.
  20. ^ Richard P. Vari, Bruno F. Melo and Claudio Oliveira. 2016. Protocheirodon, A New Genus of Characidae (Teleostei: Characiformes) with the Redescription of the Poorly Known Protocheirodon pi. Neotrop. ichthyol. 14(2); DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20150154
  21. ^ Willian Massaharu Ohara, Juan Marcos Mirande and Flávio Cesar Thadeo de Lima. 2017. Phycocharax rasbora, A New Genus and Species of Brazilian Tetra (Characiformes: Characidae) from Serra do Cachimbo, rio Tapajós Basin. PLoS Biology. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170648