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濾泡旁細胞

维基百科,自由的百科全书
濾泡旁細胞
Microscopic section of the thyroid showing follicles, where parafollicular cells reside
基本信息
位置甲状腺
功能分泌降鈣素
标识字符
THH3.08.02.4.00009
FMAFMA:68653
显微解剖学术语英语Anatomical terms of microanatomy

濾泡旁細胞(parafollicular cell)又稱C細胞,存在于人類及大部分脊椎動物甲狀腺中的一種細胞,胚胎學上源自於外胚層衍生之神經嵴,為分泌降鈣素神經內分泌細胞[1]。濾泡旁細胞通常駐留於濾泡濾泡上皮細胞的結締組織間,因而得名。

正常甲狀腺切片中濾泡旁細胞通常不明顯,但在某些發炎狀況下會因增生而在蘇伊染色HE染色)下可見[2]。濾泡旁細胞在切片下可見時,通常比濾泡細胞大,細胞質較多,看起來有蒼白的色斑,周圍有膠狀物圍繞。

濾泡旁細胞在蘇伊染色切片中細胞質(胞質)稍淡;用鍍銀法銀染法)可見基底部胞質內有嗜銀顆粒,顆粒內有降鈣素;在電子顯微鏡下,位於濾泡上皮細胞之間的濾泡旁細胞基部附著於基板,而其頂部被鄰近的濾泡上皮細胞覆蓋。研究表明,哺乳類的濾泡旁細胞內有生長抑素去甲基腎上腺素(舊稱正腎上腺素)、P物質血管活性腸肽VIP,Vasoactive intestinal peptide)等物質。

濾泡旁細胞發生癌變可導致甲狀腺髓質癌Medullary thyroid cancer, MTC

濾泡旁細胞的形態、大小、數量和分佈隨動物種屬而有差別:人、猴、鼠等的濾泡旁細胞呈卵形,以小的細胞群體分佈於濾泡間;貓、狗等的濾泡旁細胞則呈圓形或卵形,並在濾泡之間積聚成大的細胞團

注釋

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1.人類濾泡旁細胞多分佈於甲狀旁腺周圍的“甲狀腺內”,而在鼠類則多分佈於“甲狀腺中央部”。

2.降鈣素:一種多肽類物質,通過促進成骨細胞分泌類骨質、抑制骨質鈣的溶解、促進鈣鹽沉著,並抑制胃腸道和腎小管吸收鈣離子,降低血鈣

3.嗜銀顆粒:濾泡旁細胞質內有直徑200nm的分泌顆粒,細胞以胞吐方式釋放顆粒內的降鈣素。

4.鈣鹽沉著:骨鹽沉著於類骨質。

延伸閱讀

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  • Kameda Y. Localization of immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide in thyroid C cells from various mammalian species. The Anatomical Record. October 1987, 219 (2): 204–12. PMID 3120623. doi:10.1002/ar.1092190214. 
  • Kameda Y, Nishimaki T, Miura M, Jiang SX, Guillemot F. Mash1 regulates the development of C cells in mouse thyroid glands. Developmental Dynamics. January 2007, 236 (1): 262–70. PMID 17103415. doi:10.1002/dvdy.21018. 
  • Kameda Y, Nishimaki T, Chisaka O, Iseki S, Sucov HM. Expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin by thyroid C cells and their precursors during murine development. The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. October 2007, 55 (10): 1075–88. PMID 17595340. doi:10.1369/jhc.7a7179.2007. 
  • Kameda Y, Ito M, Nishimaki T, Gotoh N. FRS2alpha is required for the separation, migration, and survival of pharyngeal-endoderm derived organs including thyroid, ultimobranchial body, parathyroid, and thymus. Developmental Dynamics. March 2009, 238 (3): 503–13. PMID 19235715. doi:10.1002/dvdy.21867. 
  • Kameda Y. Cellular and molecular events on the development of mammalian thyroid C cells. Developmental Dynamics. March 2016, 245 (3): 323–41. PMID 26661795. doi:10.1002/dvdy.24377. 
  • Baber EC. Contributions to the Minute Anatomy of the Thyroid Gland of the Dog. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 1876, 166: 557–568. JSTOR 109205. doi:10.1098/rstl.1876.0021. 
  • Baber EC: Contributions to the minute anatomy of the thyroid gland of the dog. Phil Trans R Soc 166 (1876) 557-568 (full text)

外部連結

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  1. ^ TEITELBAUM, STEVEN L.; MOORE, KENNETH E.; SHIEBER, WILLIAM. Parafollicular Cells in the Normal Human Thyroid. Nature. 1971-04, 230 (5292). ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/230334a0. 
  2. ^ Albores-Saavedra, Jorge; Krueger, Jo Ellen. C-Cell Hyperplasia and Medullary Thyroid Microcarcinoma. Endocrine Pathology. 2001, 12 (4). ISSN 1046-3976. doi:10.1385/ep:12:4:365.